Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

What physiological function does insulin primarily serve?

1. It raises blood pressure levels

2. It lowers blood sugar levels

3. It stimulates appetite

4. It increases metabolic rate

The correct answer is: It lowers blood sugar levels

Insulin primarily serves the important physiological function of lowering blood sugar levels. This hormone is produced by the pancreas in response to increased glucose levels in the bloodstream, such as after eating. When insulin is released, it facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, promoting its use for energy or storage as glycogen in the liver and muscles. This process is vital for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body, preventing hyperglycemia (high blood sugar), which can lead to serious health issues if not regulated. The other options do not accurately represent the primary role of insulin. While insulin may have indirect effects on other functions, its main and most critical role is in regulating blood sugar levels. Understanding this is essential for recognizing the impact of insulin in conditions such as diabetes, where insulin function is compromised.