Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Basic Certification Practice Exam

During a secondary assessment, which abnormal abdominal signs should be noted?

1. Fever and chills

2. Rigidity and distention

3. Dizziness and fainting

4. Yellowing of skin

The correct answer is: Rigidity and distention

The presence of rigidity and distention during a secondary assessment of the abdomen is critical in identifying potential abdominal issues. Rigidity refers to the involuntary tensing of the abdominal muscles, which can indicate peritoneal irritation or an underlying condition such as appendicitis or pancreatitis. Distention, on the other hand, suggests that there may be an abnormal accumulation of gas, fluid, or other substances within the abdomen, which can be indicative of serious conditions like bowel obstruction or internal bleeding. Recognizing these signs is essential for an EMT as they can guide further assessment and treatment decisions. Identifying rigidity and distention can help prioritize the patient's needs and may necessitate prompt transport to an appropriate medical facility or a specific treatment plan. In contrast, while fever and chills, dizziness and fainting, and yellowing of the skin are important signs and symptoms that warrant attention, they do not specifically indicate abnormal findings during an abdominal assessment. Fever and chills could suggest an infection or systemic illness, dizziness and fainting might indicate circulatory issues, and yellowing of the skin relates to liver function or hemolysis rather than direct abdominal assessment concerns. Thus, it is the rigidity and distention that distinctly highlight abnormalities relevant to the abdominal examination.